Giving you the Edge in Business

	3'	4'	5'	6'	7'	8'	9'	10'	11'	12'	13'	14'	15'	16'	17'	18'
4'	X	X	X	0.5	0.5	0.5	1	1	1	2	2	3	4	4	5	5
5'	X	X	X	0.5	0.5	1	1	1	2	2	3	4	4	5	6	7
6'	X	X	X	0.5	0.5	1	1	2	2	3	4	4	5	6	7	8
7'	X	X	X	0.5	1	1	2	2	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9
8'	X	X	X	0.5	1	1	2	3	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	11
9'	X	X	X	0.5	1	1	2	3	3	4	5	6	8	9	10	12
10'	X	X	X	1	1	2	3	3	4	5	6	7	9	10	12	13
11'	X	X	X	1	2	2	3	3	4	5	7	8	10	11	13	15
12'	X	X	X	1	2	2	3	3	4	6	7	9	11	12	14	16
13'	X	X	X	1	2	2	3	4	5	6	8	9	12	13	15	17
14'	X	X	X	1	2	2	3	4	5	7	8	10	12	14	16	19
15'	X	X	X	1	2	2	3	5	6	7	9	11	13	15	17	20
16'	X	X	X	2	3	3	4	6	7	8	10	11	14	16	18	21
17'	X	X	X	2	3	3	4	6	7	8	10	12	15	17	20	23
18'	X	X	X	2	3	3	4	6	8	9	11	13	16	18	21	24
19'	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X
20'	X	X	X	2	3	3	4	7	8	10	12	14	18	20	23	27

Len/Diam	19'	20'	21'	22'	23'	24'	25'	26'	27'	28'	29'	30'	31'	32'	33'	34'
4'	6	7	8	8	9	10	11	12	14	15	15	16	18	18	20	20
5'	8	9	10	10	12	13	14	16	17	18	19	21	22	23	24	25
6'	9	11	12	13	14	15	17	19	21	22	23	25	27	28	29	30
7'	10	12	13	15	16	18	20	22	24	25	27	29	31	32	34	35
8'	12	14	15	17	19	21	23	25	27	29	31	33	36	37	39	40
9'	13	16	17	19	21	23	26	28	31	33	35	37	40	41	44	45
10'	15	17	19	21	23	25	29	31	34	36	38	41	44	46	49	50
11'	16	19	21	23	26	28	31	34	38	40	42	45	49	51	54	55
12'	18	21	23	25	28	30	34	37	41	44	46	49	53	55	59	60
13'	19	23	25	27	31	33	37	41	44	47	49	53	58	60	64	65
14'	21	24	27	29	33	35	40	44	48	51	53	57	62	64	69	70
15'	22	26	28	31	35	38	43	47	51	54	57	62	67	69	73	75
16'	24	28	30	33	38	40	46	50	55	58	61	66	71	74	78	80
17'	25	30	32	35	40	43	49	53	58	62	65	70	75	78	83	85
18'	27	31	34	38	42	45	52	56	62	65	68	74	80	83	88	90
19'	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X
20'	30	35	38	42	47	50	57	62	68	73	76	82	89	92	98	100

Len/Diam	35'	36'	37'	38'	39'	40'	41'	42'	43'	44'	45'	46'	47'	48'	49'	50'
4'	22	23	26	27	28	30	32	33	35	37	38	39	41	43	45	47
5'	27	29	32	33	35	38	39	42	43	46	47	49	52	54	56	58
6'	33	35	39	40	42	45	48	50	52	56	57	59	62	65	67	70
7'	38	40	45	47	49	53	56	59	61	65	66	69	72	76	79	82
8'	44	46	51	54	56	60	64	67	70	74	76	79	83	86	90	94
9'	49	52	58	60	63	68	72	76	79	83	85	89	93	97	101	105
10'	55	58	64	67	70	75	79	84	87	93	95	99	104	108	112	117
11'	60	63	71	73	77	83	87	92	96	102	104	109	114	119	124	129
12'	66	69	77	80	84	90	95	101	105	111	114	119	124	130	135	140
13'	71	75	84	87	91	98	103	109	113	120	123	129	134	140	146	152
14'	77	81	90	93	98	105	111	117	122	129	133	139	145	151	157	164
15'	82	86	96	100	105	113	119	126	131	139	143	179	155	162	168	175
16'	88	92	103	107	112	120	127	134	140	148	182	159	166	173	180	187
17'	93	98	109	113	119	128	135	143	148	157	161	169	176	184	191	199
18'	98	104	116	120	126	135	143	151	157	166	171	178	186	194	202	211
19'	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X
20'	109	115	129	133	140	150	159	168	174	185	190	198	207	216	225	234

Len/Diam	51'	52'	53'	54'	55'	56'	57'	58'	59'	60'	61'	62'	63'	64'	65'
4'	48	50	52	54	56	59	61	63	65	67	70	72	74	77	79
5'	61	63	66	68	71	73	76	79	81	84	87	90	93	96	99
6'	73	76	79	82	85	88	91	95	98	101	105	108	112	116	119
7'	85	89	92	96	99	103	107	110	114	118	123	127	131	135	139
8'	97	101	105	109	113	118	122	126	131	135	140	145	149	154	159
9'	110	114	118	123	127	132	137	142	147	152	158	163	168	174	179
10'	122	127	132	137	142	147	152	158	163	169	175	181	187	193	199
11'	134	139	145	150	156	162	167	174	180	186	193	199	205	213	219
12'	146	152	158	164	170	176	183	189	196	203	210	217	224	232	239
13'	158	165	171	177	184	191	198	205	212	220	228	235	243	251	259
14'	170	177	184	191	198	206	213	221	223	237	245	253	261	270	279
15'	182	190	197	205	212	220	228	237	245	253	263	271	280	290	299
16'	195	202	210	218	227	235	244	252	261	270	280	289	299	309	319
17'	207	215	224	232	241	250	259	268	278	287	298	307	317	329	339
18'	218	228	237	246	255	264	274	284	294	304	315	325	336	348	358
19'	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X
20'	243	253	263	273	283	294	304	315	327	338	350	362	373	387	398

Len/Diam	66'	67'	68'	69'	70'	71'	72'	73'	74'	75'
4'	82	85	87	90	93	94	96	101	104	107
5'	103	106	109	113	116	120	123	127	130	134
6'	123	127	131	135	139	144	148	152	157	161
7'	144	148	153	158	163	167	173	178	183	188
8'	164	170	175	180	186	192	197	203	209	215
9'	185	191	197	203	209	215	222	229	236	242
10'	206	212	219	223	232	240	247	254	261	269
11'	223	233	240	248	256	263	271	280	288	296
12'	247	254	262	271	279	287	296	305	314	323
13'	268	275	284	294	302	311	321	330	340	350
14'	288	297	306	316	325	335	345	356	366	377
15'	309	318	328	339	349	359	370	381	393	404
16'	329	339	350	361	372	383	395	406	418	430
17'	350	360	371	384	395	407	419	432	445	458
18'	370	381	393	406	419	430	444	457	471	484
19'	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X
20'	412	423	437	452	465	478	493	508	523	538

Multi-Segment Logs

Multi-segment logs are those logs exceeding the 20-foot maximum single segment length. These logs are divided into two or more segments as nearly the same length as practicable, in accordance with specific rules, and no scaling segment length can ever be longer than 20 feet. Logs with scaling lengths of 21-foot through 40-foot are scaled as two-segment logs. Logs with scaling lengths of 41-foot through 60-foot are scaled as three-segment logs, 61-foot through 80-foot as four-segment logs, etc.

Since lumber is commonly sold in lengths that are multiples of two feet, multiple segment logs are generally divided into lengths that are multiples of two feet. For example, a log measuring 33 feet 0 inches has the allowable trim for a 32-foot scaling length. Logs whose overall scaling length is an even number are called “even length” logs.

When an even length log must be divided into unequal lengths, the shorter segment(s) is always in the small end (top) of the log and the longer segment(s) in the large end. For example, a log measuring 35 feet 2 inches has the allowable maximum trim for a 34-foot scaling length. This log is divided as a 16-foot top segment and an 18-foot bottom segment. A log measuring 45 feet 2 inches is scaled as a 44-foot scaling length. The is divided into three segments: a 14-foot top segment, a 14-foot middle segment, and a 16-foot bottom segment.

Note: In creating the segments, the Butt segment is always assigned the longest length

The Table below shows the Segment breaks for logs up to 120 feet. The Table is the Same as Idaho and NWLRAG

Length	# of Segments	Butt Segment	Segment #2	Segment #3	Segment #4	Segment #5	Segment #6
8	1	8
9	1	9
10	1	10
11	1	11
12	1	12
13	1	13
14	1	14
15	1	15
16	1	16
17	1	17
18	1	18
19	1	19
20	1	20
21	2	11	10
22	2	12	10
23	2	12	11
24	2	12	12
25	2	13	12
26	2	14	12
27	2	14	13
28	2	14	14
29	2	15	14
30	2	16	14
31	2	16	15
32	2	16	16
33	2	17	16
34	2	18	16
35	2	18	17
36	2	18	18
37	2	19	18
38	2	20	18
39	2	20	19
40	2	20	20
41	3	14	14	13
42	3	14	14	14
43	3	15	14	14
44	3	16	14	14
45	3	16	15	14
46	3	16	16	14
47	3	16	16	15
48	3	16	16	16
49	3	17	16	16
50	3	18	16	16
51	3	18	17	16
52	3	18	18	16
53	3	18	18	17
54	3	18	18	18
55	3	19	18	18
56	3	20	18	18
57	3	20	19	18
58	3	20	20	18
59	3	20	20	19
60	3	20	20	20
61	4	16	16	15	14
62	4	16	16	16	14
63	4	16	16	16	15
64	4	16	16	16	16
65	4	17	16	16	16
66	4	18	16	16	16
67	4	18	17	16	16
68	4	18	18	16	16
69	4	18	18	17	16
70	4	18	18	18	16
71	4	18	18	18	17
72	4	18	18	18	18
73	4	19	18	18	18
74	4	20	18	18	18
75	4	20	19	18	18
76	4	20	20	18	18
77	4	20	20	19	18
78	4	20	20	20	18
79	4	20	20	20	19
80	4	20	20	20	20
81	5	17	16	16	16	16
82	5	18	16	16	16	16
83	5	18	17	16	16	16
84	5	18	18	16	16	16
85	5	18	18	17	16	16
86	5	18	18	18	16	16
87	5	18	18	18	17	16
88	5	18	18	18	18	16
89	5	18	18	18	18	17
90	5	18	18	18	18	18
91	5	19	18	18	18	18
92	5	20	18	18	18	18
93	5	20	19	18	18	18
94	5	20	20	18	18	18
95	5	20	20	19	18	18
96	5	20	20	20	18	18
97	5	20	20	20	19	18
98	5	20	20	20	20	18
99	5	20	20	20	20	19
100	5	20	20	20	20	20
101	6	18	18	17	16	16	16
102	6	18	18	18	16	16	16
103	6	18	18	18	17	16	16
104	6	18	18	18	18	16	16
105	6	18	18	18	18	17	16
106	6	18	18	18	18	18	16
107	6	18	18	18	18	18	17
108	6	18	18	18	18	18	18
109	6	19	18	18	18	18	18
110	6	20	18	18	18	18	18
111	6	20	19	18	18	18	18
112	6	20	20	18	18	18	18
113	6	20	20	19	18	18	18
114	6	20	20	20	18	18	18
115	6	20	20	20	19	18	18
116	6	20	20	20	20	18	18
117	6	20	20	20	20	19	18
118	6	20	20	20	20	20	18
119	6	20	20	20	20	20	19
120	6	20	20	20	20	20	20

Taper in Long Logs: Distribution of Taper in Second-Cut Long Logs

Rules are the same as Idaho and NWLRAG

A second-cut, long log is any log with a scaling length of 21 feet or longer that is not affected by butt swell. The first step is to measure the scaling diameters on both the small end and large end of the log. The difference between these two measurements is the total taper of the log. For example, a log with a scaling length of 32 feet, having a small end diameter of 12 inches and a large end diameter of 16 inches has total taper of 4 inches (16 inches minus 12 inches = 4 inches).

The second step is to divide the total taper by the number of log segments to determine the taper of the top segment. Using our example, a 32-foot scaling length is a 2-segment log (it has two 16-foot scaling length segments). Four inches of total taper divided by 2, equals 2 inches of taper for the top segment. The small end scaling diameter of 12 inches is increased by the 2 inches of taper to arrive at 14 inches for the midpoint, which is the calculated small end diameter of the second segment. When taper can be apportioned in an equal amount to each segment (such as 4 inches of taper in a 2-segment log can be apportioned 2 inches to each segment) it is said to be even taper. When taper cannot be apportioned in an equal amount to each segment (such as 5 inches of taper in a 2-segment log) it is said to be uneven taper. As noted earlier, trees grow with increased taper in the top end. Uneven taper is handled by applying the excess taper to the top log segment(s). For example, a log with a scaling length of 32 feet having a small end diameter of 12 inches and a large end diameter of 17 inches has total taper of 5 inches (17 inches minus 12 inches = 5 inches). Applying the excess taper to the top segment results in 3 inches of taper for the top segment and 2 inches of taper for the bottom segment. The midpoint, small end diameter of the bottom segment is 15 inches, determined by taking the top diameter of 12 inches and adding 3 inches of taper.

Distribution of Taper in Butt-Cut Long Logs

There is normally a noticeable “flare” or swell on butt logs at the point of severance from the stump, and a greater rate of taper may be present for several feet above this point. Therefore, for taper distribution, multi-segment butt-cut logs are not measured on the large end to calculate a small end diameter for the butt segment. Instead, the small end diameter of the butt segment is determined by either actual measure or the use of “standard” taper. Standard taper is an average taper that is uniformly applied to butt-cut, long logs. It is developed from actual measure studies, based upon species, log lengths, and localities of origin (different geographic areas).

MIDPOINT TAPER ON MULTI-SEGMENT BUTT LOGS h4>
All Species Except Western Larch and Lodgepole Pine in 4 counties of Eastern Washington --- Midpoint taper(s) shall be determined as follows:
All Species, ex. Larch & Lodgepole Pine	21’-31’	Shall be 1-inch per segment.
All Species, ex. Larch & Lodgepole Pine	31’-40’	Shall be 2-inch per segment.
All Species, ex. Larch & Lodgepole Pine	41’ and longer	Shall be actual taper.
Western Larch (All Counties) --- Midpoint taper(s) shall be determined as follows.
Larch	21’-31’	Shall be 1-inch per segment.
Larch	31’-40’	Shall be 1-inch per segment.
Larch	41’ and longer	Shall be actual taper.
Lodgepole Pine - Eastern Washington Counties; Okanogan, Ferry, Stevens & Pend Oreille --- Midpoint taper(s) shall be determined as follows:strong>
Lodgepole Pine	21’-31’	Shall be 1-inch per segment.
Lodgepole Pine	31’-40’	Shall be 1-inch per segment.
Lodgepole Pine	41’ and longer	Shall be actual taper.